Sources
National cancer inequalities
Cancer burden
Cancer survival
5-year survival rate in esophagus cancer
5-year age-standardized net survival rate in esophagus cancer
Allemani, C., Matsuda, T., Di Carlo, V., Harewood, R., Matz, M., Nikšić, M., Bonaventure, A., Valkov, M., Johnson, C. J., Estève, J., Ogunbiyi, O. J., Azevedo E Silva, G., Chen, W. Q., Eser, S., Engholm, G., Stiller, C. A., Monnereau, A., Woods, R. R., Visser, O., Lim, G. H., … CONCORD Working Group (2018). Global surveillance of trends in cancer survival 2000-14 (CONCORD-3): analysis of individual records for 37 513 025 patients diagnosed with one of 18 cancers from 322 population-based registries in 71 countries. Lancet (London, England), 391(10125), 1023–1075. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33326-3
5-year survival rate in stomach cancer
5-year age-standardized net survival rate in stomach cancer
Allemani, C., Matsuda, T., Di Carlo, V., Harewood, R., Matz, M., Nikšić, M., Bonaventure, A., Valkov, M., Johnson, C. J., Estève, J., Ogunbiyi, O. J., Azevedo E Silva, G., Chen, W. Q., Eser, S., Engholm, G., Stiller, C. A., Monnereau, A., Woods, R. R., Visser, O., Lim, G. H., … CONCORD Working Group (2018). Global surveillance of trends in cancer survival 2000-14 (CONCORD-3): analysis of individual records for 37 513 025 patients diagnosed with one of 18 cancers from 322 population-based registries in 71 countries. Lancet (London, England), 391(10125), 1023–1075. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33326-3
5-year survival rate in colon cancer
5-year age-standardized net survival rate in colon cancer
Allemani, C., Matsuda, T., Di Carlo, V., Harewood, R., Matz, M., Nikšić, M., Bonaventure, A., Valkov, M., Johnson, C. J., Estève, J., Ogunbiyi, O. J., Azevedo E Silva, G., Chen, W. Q., Eser, S., Engholm, G., Stiller, C. A., Monnereau, A., Woods, R. R., Visser, O., Lim, G. H., … CONCORD Working Group (2018). Global surveillance of trends in cancer survival 2000-14 (CONCORD-3): analysis of individual records for 37 513 025 patients diagnosed with one of 18 cancers from 322 population-based registries in 71 countries. Lancet (London, England), 391(10125), 1023–1075. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33326-3
5-year survival rate in rectum cancer
5-year age-standardized net survival rate in rectum cancer
Allemani, C., Matsuda, T., Di Carlo, V., Harewood, R., Matz, M., Nikšić, M., Bonaventure, A., Valkov, M., Johnson, C. J., Estève, J., Ogunbiyi, O. J., Azevedo E Silva, G., Chen, W. Q., Eser, S., Engholm, G., Stiller, C. A., Monnereau, A., Woods, R. R., Visser, O., Lim, G. H., … CONCORD Working Group (2018). Global surveillance of trends in cancer survival 2000-14 (CONCORD-3): analysis of individual records for 37 513 025 patients diagnosed with one of 18 cancers from 322 population-based registries in 71 countries. Lancet (London, England), 391(10125), 1023–1075. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33326-3
5-year survival rate in liver cancer
5-year age-standardized net survival rate in liver cancer
Allemani, C., Matsuda, T., Di Carlo, V., Harewood, R., Matz, M., Nikšić, M., Bonaventure, A., Valkov, M., Johnson, C. J., Estève, J., Ogunbiyi, O. J., Azevedo E Silva, G., Chen, W. Q., Eser, S., Engholm, G., Stiller, C. A., Monnereau, A., Woods, R. R., Visser, O., Lim, G. H., … CONCORD Working Group (2018). Global surveillance of trends in cancer survival 2000-14 (CONCORD-3): analysis of individual records for 37 513 025 patients diagnosed with one of 18 cancers from 322 population-based registries in 71 countries. Lancet (London, England), 391(10125), 1023–1075. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33326-3
5-year survival rate in pancreatic cancer
5-year age-standardized net survival rate in pancreatic cancer
Allemani, C., Matsuda, T., Di Carlo, V., Harewood, R., Matz, M., Nikšić, M., Bonaventure, A., Valkov, M., Johnson, C. J., Estève, J., Ogunbiyi, O. J., Azevedo E Silva, G., Chen, W. Q., Eser, S., Engholm, G., Stiller, C. A., Monnereau, A., Woods, R. R., Visser, O., Lim, G. H., … CONCORD Working Group (2018). Global surveillance of trends in cancer survival 2000-14 (CONCORD-3): analysis of individual records for 37 513 025 patients diagnosed with one of 18 cancers from 322 population-based registries in 71 countries. Lancet (London, England), 391(10125), 1023–1075. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33326-3
5-year survival rate in lung cancer
5-year age-standardized net survival rate in lung cancer
Allemani, C., Matsuda, T., Di Carlo, V., Harewood, R., Matz, M., Nikšić, M., Bonaventure, A., Valkov, M., Johnson, C. J., Estève, J., Ogunbiyi, O. J., Azevedo E Silva, G., Chen, W. Q., Eser, S., Engholm, G., Stiller, C. A., Monnereau, A., Woods, R. R., Visser, O., Lim, G. H., … CONCORD Working Group (2018). Global surveillance of trends in cancer survival 2000-14 (CONCORD-3): analysis of individual records for 37 513 025 patients diagnosed with one of 18 cancers from 322 population-based registries in 71 countries. Lancet (London, England), 391(10125), 1023–1075. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33326-3
5-year survival rate in melanoma
5-year age-standardized net survival rate in melanoma
Allemani, C., Matsuda, T., Di Carlo, V., Harewood, R., Matz, M., Nikšić, M., Bonaventure, A., Valkov, M., Johnson, C. J., Estève, J., Ogunbiyi, O. J., Azevedo E Silva, G., Chen, W. Q., Eser, S., Engholm, G., Stiller, C. A., Monnereau, A., Woods, R. R., Visser, O., Lim, G. H., … CONCORD Working Group (2018). Global surveillance of trends in cancer survival 2000-14 (CONCORD-3): analysis of individual records for 37 513 025 patients diagnosed with one of 18 cancers from 322 population-based registries in 71 countries. Lancet (London, England), 391(10125), 1023–1075. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33326-3
5-year survival rate in breast cancer
5-year age-standardized net survival rate in breast cancer
Allemani, C., Matsuda, T., Di Carlo, V., Harewood, R., Matz, M., Nikšić, M., Bonaventure, A., Valkov, M., Johnson, C. J., Estève, J., Ogunbiyi, O. J., Azevedo E Silva, G., Chen, W. Q., Eser, S., Engholm, G., Stiller, C. A., Monnereau, A., Woods, R. R., Visser, O., Lim, G. H., … CONCORD Working Group (2018). Global surveillance of trends in cancer survival 2000-14 (CONCORD-3): analysis of individual records for 37 513 025 patients diagnosed with one of 18 cancers from 322 population-based registries in 71 countries. Lancet (London, England), 391(10125), 1023–1075. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33326-3
5-year survival rate in cervical cancer
5-year age-standardized net survival rate in cervican cancer
Allemani, C., Matsuda, T., Di Carlo, V., Harewood, R., Matz, M., Nikšić, M., Bonaventure, A., Valkov, M., Johnson, C. J., Estève, J., Ogunbiyi, O. J., Azevedo E Silva, G., Chen, W. Q., Eser, S., Engholm, G., Stiller, C. A., Monnereau, A., Woods, R. R., Visser, O., Lim, G. H., … CONCORD Working Group (2018). Global surveillance of trends in cancer survival 2000-14 (CONCORD-3): analysis of individual records for 37 513 025 patients diagnosed with one of 18 cancers from 322 population-based registries in 71 countries. Lancet (London, England), 391(10125), 1023–1075. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33326-3
5-year survival rate in ovarian cancer
5-year age-standardized net survival rate in ovarian cancer
Allemani, C., Matsuda, T., Di Carlo, V., Harewood, R., Matz, M., Nikšić, M., Bonaventure, A., Valkov, M., Johnson, C. J., Estève, J., Ogunbiyi, O. J., Azevedo E Silva, G., Chen, W. Q., Eser, S., Engholm, G., Stiller, C. A., Monnereau, A., Woods, R. R., Visser, O., Lim, G. H., … CONCORD Working Group (2018). Global surveillance of trends in cancer survival 2000-14 (CONCORD-3): analysis of individual records for 37 513 025 patients diagnosed with one of 18 cancers from 322 population-based registries in 71 countries. Lancet (London, England), 391(10125), 1023–1075. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33326-3
5-year survival rate in prostate cancer
5-year age-standardized net survival rate in prostate cancer
Allemani, C., Matsuda, T., Di Carlo, V., Harewood, R., Matz, M., Nikšić, M., Bonaventure, A., Valkov, M., Johnson, C. J., Estève, J., Ogunbiyi, O. J., Azevedo E Silva, G., Chen, W. Q., Eser, S., Engholm, G., Stiller, C. A., Monnereau, A., Woods, R. R., Visser, O., Lim, G. H., … CONCORD Working Group (2018). Global surveillance of trends in cancer survival 2000-14 (CONCORD-3): analysis of individual records for 37 513 025 patients diagnosed with one of 18 cancers from 322 population-based registries in 71 countries. Lancet (London, England), 391(10125), 1023–1075. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33326-3
5-year survival rate in brain cancer
5-year age-standardized net survival rate in brain cancer
Allemani, C., Matsuda, T., Di Carlo, V., Harewood, R., Matz, M., Nikšić, M., Bonaventure, A., Valkov, M., Johnson, C. J., Estève, J., Ogunbiyi, O. J., Azevedo E Silva, G., Chen, W. Q., Eser, S., Engholm, G., Stiller, C. A., Monnereau, A., Woods, R. R., Visser, O., Lim, G. H., … CONCORD Working Group (2018). Global surveillance of trends in cancer survival 2000-14 (CONCORD-3): analysis of individual records for 37 513 025 patients diagnosed with one of 18 cancers from 322 population-based registries in 71 countries. Lancet (London, England), 391(10125), 1023–1075. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33326-3
5-year survival rate in myeloid cancers
5-year age-standardized net survival rate in myeloid cancers
Allemani, C., Matsuda, T., Di Carlo, V., Harewood, R., Matz, M., Nikšić, M., Bonaventure, A., Valkov, M., Johnson, C. J., Estève, J., Ogunbiyi, O. J., Azevedo E Silva, G., Chen, W. Q., Eser, S., Engholm, G., Stiller, C. A., Monnereau, A., Woods, R. R., Visser, O., Lim, G. H., … CONCORD Working Group (2018). Global surveillance of trends in cancer survival 2000-14 (CONCORD-3): analysis of individual records for 37 513 025 patients diagnosed with one of 18 cancers from 322 population-based registries in 71 countries. Lancet (London, England), 391(10125), 1023–1075. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33326-3
5-year survival rate in lymphoid cancers
5-year age-standardized net survival rate in lymphoid cancers
Allemani, C., Matsuda, T., Di Carlo, V., Harewood, R., Matz, M., Nikšić, M., Bonaventure, A., Valkov, M., Johnson, C. J., Estève, J., Ogunbiyi, O. J., Azevedo E Silva, G., Chen, W. Q., Eser, S., Engholm, G., Stiller, C. A., Monnereau, A., Woods, R. R., Visser, O., Lim, G. H., … CONCORD Working Group (2018). Global surveillance of trends in cancer survival 2000-14 (CONCORD-3): analysis of individual records for 37 513 025 patients diagnosed with one of 18 cancers from 322 population-based registries in 71 countries. Lancet (London, England), 391(10125), 1023–1075. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33326-3
Cancer mortality
Eurostat cancer mortality rate (age-standardised)
GLOBOCAN Mortality Rate (age-standardized)
Age-Standardized Rate (World) per 100 000, Mortality, Both sexes, in 2022 (All cancers)
GLOBOCAN
Rank of cancer among causes of deaths
Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network
Potential years of working life lost
Potential years of working life lost per 100,000 inhabitants aged 15-64 years, all cancers, both sexes
The Swedish Institute for Health Economics (IHE)
Breast cancer mortality
(Age-standardised) death rate per 100 000 inhabitants (men and women combined) due to breast cancer
Eurostat
Cervical cancer mortality
Colorectal cancer mortality
5-year age-standardized net survival rate in colon cancer
Allemani, C., Matsuda, T., Di Carlo, V., Harewood, R., Matz, M., Nikšić, M., Bonaventure, A., Valkov, M., Johnson, C. J., Estève, J., Ogunbiyi, O. J., Azevedo E Silva, G., Chen, W. Q., Eser, S., Engholm, G., Stiller, C. A., Monnereau, A., Woods, R. R., Visser, O., Lim, G. H., … CONCORD Working Group (2018). Global surveillance of trends in cancer survival 2000-14 (CONCORD-3): analysis of individual records for 37 513 025 patients diagnosed with one of 18 cancers from 322 population-based registries in 71 countries. Lancet (London, England), 391(10125), 1023–1075. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33326-3
Stomach cancer mortality
5-year age-standardized net survival rate in rectum cancer
Allemani, C., Matsuda, T., Di Carlo, V., Harewood, R., Matz, M., Nikšić, M., Bonaventure, A., Valkov, M., Johnson, C. J., Estève, J., Ogunbiyi, O. J., Azevedo E Silva, G., Chen, W. Q., Eser, S., Engholm, G., Stiller, C. A., Monnereau, A., Woods, R. R., Visser, O., Lim, G. H., … CONCORD Working Group (2018). Global surveillance of trends in cancer survival 2000-14 (CONCORD-3): analysis of individual records for 37 513 025 patients diagnosed with one of 18 cancers from 322 population-based registries in 71 countries. Lancet (London, England), 391(10125), 1023–1075. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33326-3
Lung cancer mortality
Potential years of working life lost per 100,000 inhabitants aged 15-64 years, all cancers, both sexes
The Swedish Institute for Health Economics (IHE)
Cancer incidence
ECIS Cancer incidence estimates (age-standardised rate)
GLOBOCAN Incidence Rate (age-standardised)
Age-Standardized Rate (World) per 100 000, Incidence, Both sexes, in 2022 (All cancers excluding non-melanoma skin cancer)
GLOBOCAN
Cancer prevention
Tobacco and other smoking
Proportion of daily smokers of cigarettes
Proportion of self-reported daily smokers, aged 15+, both sexes
Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Health Statistics & 'Beating Cancer Inequalities in the EU: Spotlight on Cancer Prevention and Early Detection' report
Alcohol
Alcohol consumption (quantity) - annual
Annual consumption of pure alcohol in litres, per person, aged 15 years old and over
Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Health Statistics & 'Beating Cancer Inequalities in the EU: Spotlight on Cancer Prevention and Early Detection' report&
Overweight and obesity
Eurostat Overweight rate
Nutrition and physical activity
Fruit & vegetables consumption
Other environmental and occupational factors
Air pollution - exposure to PM 2.5
Mean populate exposure to fine particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) at urban background stations in agglomerations
OECD Environmental Database
HPV
HPV vaccination coverage among girls
HPV vaccination coverage estimates among girls (by age 15, last dose)
WHO Immunization Data Portal
Other infections
HepB prevalence
Estimated prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in the general population
Bivegete S et al. Estimates of hepatitis B virus prevalence among general population and key risk groups in EU/EEA/UK countries: a systematic review. Euro Surveill. 2023;28(30):pii=2200738.
Alcohol consumption (frequency) - monthly
Proportion of people consuming alcohol at least every month (including those that reported to drink daily, weekly or monthly in the 12 months preceding data collection), aged 15+, both sexes
Eurostat
Eurostat physical inactivity rate
Proportion of people aged 15+ spending less than 150 minutes per week on health-enhancing (non-work-related) aerobic physical activity
Eurostat
Air pollution - Cancer deaths due to ambient air pollution
Estimated age-standardised cancer death rate attributable to ambient concentration of particles with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 2.5 μm (PM2.5)
Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network
HPV vaccination coverage among boys
HPV vaccination coverage estimates among boys (by age 15, last dose)
WHO Immunization Data Portal
Cigarette smoking total prevalence
Age-standardized estimates of current cigarette smoking among persons aged 15 years and older on a daily or non-daily basis
World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Observatory
WHO Overweight rate
Percentage of adults aged 18+ years with a body mass index (BMI) of 25 kg/m2 or higher (age-standardised estimate)
World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Observatory
HepB immunisation coverage
Percentage of one-year-olds who have received three doses of hepatitis B (HepB3) containing vaccine in a given year.
World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Observatory
Relative price level of tobacco
Eurostat Obesity rate
Eligibility for the vaccine (boys, girls, both)
Air pollution - Cancer deaths due to household air pollution
Estimated age-standardised cancer death rate attributable to indoor household pollution from solid fuels
Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network
WHO physical inactivity rate
Percent of adults aged 18+ years attaining less than 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week, or less than 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week, or equivalent.
World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Observatory
HBV universal childhood vaccination
Indication of whether the country has a national policy universal childhood vaccination against hepatitis B
ECDC, Prevention of Hepatitis B and C in the EU/EEA, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Stockholm
Heavy drinking rate among adolescents
Proportion of individuals aged 15-19 reporting heavy episodic drinking (which is ingesting more than 60g of pure ethanol on a single occasion) either at least once a week or every month (but not weekly)
Eurostat
HepC infection rate
Occupation exposure - Cancer deaths due to occupational carcinogens
Estimated age-standardised cancer death rate attributable to occupational carcinogens
Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network
Alcohol harmful use prevalence
Proportion of adults (15+ years) with a diagnosis of harmful use of alcohol (according to ICD-10: F10.1 Harmful use of alcohol) during a given calendar year, as a share of the midyear resident population (15+ years) over the same calendar year.
World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Observatory
WHO Obesity rate
Percentage of adults aged 18+ years with a body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m2 or higher (age-standardised estimate)
World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Observatory
Cancer deaths due to tobacco
Estimated age-standardised cancer death rate attributable to tobacco
Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network
Cancer deaths due to dietary risks
Estimated age-standardised cancer death rate attributable to dietary risks
Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network
HPV vaccine registry
Indication of whether a national HPV vaccine registry is available in the country
European Parliamentary Forum for Sexual and Reproductive Rights (EPF) HPV Prevention Atlas
HepC elimination status
Status of the Relative or Absolute Impact and Programmatic Targets by 2030
Center for Disease Analysis (CDA) Foundation
Cancer cases due to alcohol
Estimated age-standardised cancer incidence rate attributable to alcohol drinking
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Global Cancer Observatory
Occupational exposure - Cancer deaths due to asbestos
Estimated age-standardised cancer death rate attributable to asbestos
Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network
Cancer deaths due to low physical activity
Estimated age-standardised cancer death rate attributable to low physical activity
Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network
School-based HPV vaccination programme
Indication of whether the country has a national school-based HPV vaccination programme
European Cancer Organisation, “Putting HPV on the Map: The state of HPV prevention programmes in the WHO European Region” (and OECD 2024 'Beating Cancer Inequalities in the EU' report)
WHO Childhood obesity rate
Percentage of children aged 5-9 with a body mass index (BMI) greater than 2 standard deviation above the median (crude estimate)
World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Observatory
Proportion of daily smokers of electronic smoking devices
Daily use of electronic cigarettes or similar electronic devices as a proportion of individuals aged 15 and over
Eurostat
Primary prevention/HPV Vaccination Index
Score on policy for primary prevention / HPV vaccination on the EPF HPV Prevention Policy Atlas 2023
EPF HPV Prevention Policy Atlas 2023
Cancer deaths due to second-hand smoke
Age-standardised cancer death rate attributable to exposure to second-hand smoke
ECIR – European Cancer Inequalities Registry
Radiation exposure - Cancer deaths due to radon
Estimated age-standardised cancer death rate attributable to residential radon
Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network
Cancer deaths due to alcohol
Estimated age-standardised cancer death rate attributable to alcohol use
Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network
Cancer deaths due to overweight and obesity
Estimated age-standardised cancer death rate attributable to high body mass index
Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network
Front-of-Pack food labelling
Indication of whether the country has mandatory or voluntary (positive and/or negative) front-of-pack food labelling in place
World Cancer Research Fund International NOURISHING and MOVING policy databases (and OECD 2024 'Beating Cancer Inequalities in the EU' report)
Comprehensive alcohol taxation
Indication of whether the country has a special tax (excise tax) on all alcoholic beverages (beer, wine, spirits) that is adjusted for inflation - thereby maintaining its impact over time
World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Observatory
Health-related food taxes or tariffs
Indication of whether some health-related food taxes or tariffs have been identified for the country
World Cancer Research Fund International NOURISHING and MOVING policy databases (and OECD 2024 'Beating Cancer Inequalities in the EU' report)
Minimum alcohol pricing
Indication of whether the country has a minimum price policy on alcoholic beverages
World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Observatory (and OECD report 'Beating Cancer Inequalities in the EU')
Regulation of unhealthy food advertising to children
Indication of whether a mandatory regulation or co-regulation with the food and drinks industry on broadcast food advertising to children has been identified for the country
World Cancer Research Fund International NOURISHING and MOVING policy databases (and OECD 2024 'Beating Cancer Inequalities in the EU' report)
Restrictions on alcohol sales
Indication of whether a country has some restrictions on hours during which all alcoholic beverages (wine, beer, spirits) can be sold, either on-premises (i.e., at restaurants, bars) and/or off-premises (i.e. at other establishments such as liquor stores)
World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Observatory
Restrictions on sugar-sweetened beverages in schools
Indication of whether voluntary or mandatory restrictions on sugar-sweetened beverages in schools have been identified for the country
World Cancer Research Fund International NOURISHING and MOVING policy databases (and OECD 2024 'Beating Cancer Inequalities in the EU' report)
Comprehensive restrictions on alcohol marketing
Indication of whether a country has partial or total legal binding restrictions on alcohol product placement on both national television and social media
World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Observatory
Comprehensive nutrition and physical activity health support policy
Indication of whether policies for both nutrition advice and counselling in healthcare, and physical activity counselling, assessment and prescriptions in primary care, have been identified for the country
World Cancer Research Fund International NOURISHING and MOVING policy databases (and OECD 2024 'Beating Cancer Inequalities in the EU' report)
Health warning labels on alcohol
Indication of whether a country requires health warning labels on both alcohol containers and advertising
World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Observatory
UV
Regulation on sunbeds
Existence of a national or subnational regulation for limiting public exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunbeds
World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Observatory
Ban on sunbeds
Existence of regulations that ban access to sunbeds
World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Observatory
Ban on sunbed unsupervised operation
Existence of regulations that ban on unsupervised operations of sunbeds
World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Observatory
Comprehensive information requirements for sunbed use
Existence of regulations on public information on sunbeds requiring warning notices and informed consent forms is required, and banning claims of health benefits from sunbeds
World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Observatory
Comprehensive safety requirements for sunbed use
Existence of regulations on sunbed safety requirements, including the requirement for protective goggle and a limit on UV dose (output x time)
World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Observatory
Radiation exposure - Radon concentration
Cancer screening and early detection
Breast cancer screening
Breast cancer screening rate
Breast cancer screening examination coverage rate - Number of women aged 50-69 who have received a bilateral mammography within the past two years (or according to the specific screening frequency recommended in each country) divided by the number of women aged 50-69 answering survey questions on mammography or eligible for an organised screening programme.
Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Health Statistics & 'Beating Cancer Inequalities in the EU: Spotlight on Cancer Prevention and Early Detection' report
Organised populated-based breast cancer screening programme
Existence of an organised populated-based breast cancer screening programme
EU Country Cancer Profiles and 2023 OECD Policy Survey on Cancer Care Performance (and 2017 IARC report 'Cancer Screening in the EU')
Use of recommended age for breast cancer screening programmes
Indication of whether the target age used for breast cancer screening in the country is in line with the 2022 EU Council Recommendation (women 50-69 years)
EU Country Cancer Profiles and 2023 OECD Policy Survey on Cancer Care Performance
Number of dedicated mammography machines (per 100 000 inhabitants)
Number of dedicated mammography machines (per 100 000 inhabitants) designed exclusively for taking mammograms
Eurostat
Cervical cancer screening
Cervical cancer screening rate
Number of women aged 20-69 who have been screened for cervical cancer within the past three years (or according to the specific screening frequency recommended in each country) divided by the number of women aged 20-69 answering the survey question or eligible for an organised screening programme
Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Health Statistics & 'Beating Cancer Inequalities in the EU: Spotlight on Cancer Prevention and Early Detection' report
Organised populated-based cervical cancer screening programme
Existence of an organised populated-based breast cancer screening programme
EU Country Cancer Profiles and 2023 OECD Policy Survey on Cancer Care Performance (and 2017 IARC report 'Cancer Screening in the EU')
Use of recommended age and test for cervical cancer screening programmes
Indication of whether the target age and test used for cervical cancer screening in the country are in line with the 2022 EU Council Recommendation (HPV testing, women aged 30-65)
EU Country Cancer Profiles and 2023 OECD Policy Survey on Cancer Care Performance
Secondary prevention/Cervical cancer screening Index
Score on secondary prevention / Cervical cancer screening
European Parliamentary Forum for Sexual and Reproductive Rights (EPF) HPV Prevention Policy Atlas 2023
Availability of HPV self-sampling
Partial or full availability of HPV self-sampling for cervical cancer screening
European Parliamentary Forum for Sexual and Reproductive Rights (EPF) HPV Prevention Atlas
Colorectal cancer screening
Colorectal cancer screening rate
Proportion of target population who have undergone colorectal cancer screening based on the country’s colorectal cancer screening policy
Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Health Statistics & 'Beating Cancer Inequalities in the EU: Spotlight on Cancer Prevention and Early Detection' report
Organised populated-based colorectal cancer screening programme
Existence of an organised populated-based colorectal cancer screening programme
EU Country Cancer Profiles and 2023 OECD Policy Survey on Cancer Care Performance (and 2017 IARC report 'Cancer Screening in the EU')
Use of recommended age and test for colorectal cancer screening programmes
Indication of whether the target age and test used for cervical cancer screening in the country are in line with the 2022 EU Council Recommendation (FIT test, people aged 50-74)
EU Country Cancer Profiles and 2023 OECD Policy Survey on Cancer Care Performance
Prostate cancer screening
Organised prostate cancer screening programme
Existence of an organised prostate cancer screening programme in the country
PRAISE-U project (EU4Health)
Lung cancer screening
Organised lung cancer screening programme
Existence of an organised lung cancer screening programme in the country
Lung Cancer Policy Network
Cancer diagnosis
Diagnostic imaging
CT scanners per 100,000 inhabitants
Eurostat
MRI units per 100,000 inhabitants
Eurostat
PET scanners per 100,000 inhabitants
Eurostat
Diagnosis examinations
People who reported to never had had colonoscopy
Biomarker testing
Single biomarker test access
Composite score measuring single biomarker test access based on the average proportion of laboratories offering each single biomarker test in-house or through referral, the average proportion of tests covered by public reimbursement and the single biomarker test order rate
Access and quality of biomarker testing for precision oncology in Europe. Normanno et al (European Journal of Cancer)
Reimbursement of single biomarker testing
Reimbursement of single biomarker testing, calculated based on the average proportion of tests reported to be covered by public reimbursement [>90% (high), 75-90% (medium), 75% (low)]
Access and quality of biomarker testing for precision oncology in Europe. Normanno et al (European Journal of Cancer)
Multi-biomarker (NGS) test access
Composite score measuring multi-biomarker (Next Generation Sequencing) test access score based on the availability of NGS testing, the capability to perform NGS testing with hotspot, small panels (50 genes), the time from introduction and the level of uptake
Access and quality of biomarker testing for precision oncology in Europe. Normanno et al (European Journal of Cancer)
Reimbursement of multi-biomarker testing
Reimbursement of multi-biomarker testing calculated based on the average proportion of tests reported to be covered by public reimbursement [>90% (high), 75-90% (medium), 75% (low)]
Access and quality of biomarker testing for precision oncology in Europe. Normanno et al (European Journal of Cancer)
Biomarker test quality
Composite score measuring the quality of single and multi-biomarker testing, based on the proportion of laboratories participating in at least one External Quality Assurance (EQA) scheme and the extent of ISO accreditation
Access and quality of biomarker testing for precision oncology in Europe. Normanno et al (European Journal of Cancer)
Cancer treatment and care
Cancer medicines and medical oncology
Reimbursement status of new oncology medicines
Full public reimbursement in % of medicines within oncology available to patients with central-marketing authorisation by the EMA between 2016 and 2019
European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA)
Average reimbursement time of new oncology medicines
Reimbursement of medicines within oncology (as classified by IQVIA) with central-marketing authorisation by the EMA between 2016 and 2019, until 1st January 2021
European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA)
Uptake of breast cancer medicines
Uptake of new cancer medicines, defined as standard weekly doses per number of cancer-specific deaths (per 100,000 inhabitants)
Hofmarcher, T., Lindgren, P., Wilking, N., & Jönsson, B. (2020). The cost of cancer in Europe 2018. European Journal of Cancer, 129, 41–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2020.01.011
Uptake of colorectal cancer medicines
Uptake of new cancer medicines, defined as standard weekly doses per number of cancer-specific deaths (per 100,000 inhabitants)
Hofmarcher, T., Lindgren, P., Wilking, N., & Jönsson, B. (2020). The cost of cancer in Europe 2018. European Journal of Cancer, 129, 41–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2020.01.011
Uptake of lung cancer medicines
Uptake of new cancer medicines, defined as standard weekly doses per number of cancer-specific deaths (per 100,000 inhabitants)
Hofmarcher, T., Lindgren, P., Wilking, N., & Jönsson, B. (2020). The cost of cancer in Europe 2018. European Journal of Cancer, 129, 41–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2020.01.011
Uptake of prostate cancer medicines
Uptake of new cancer medicines, defined as standard weekly doses per number of cancer-specific deaths (per 100,000 inhabitants)
Hofmarcher, T., Lindgren, P., Wilking, N., & Jönsson, B. (2020). The cost of cancer in Europe 2018. European Journal of Cancer, 129, 41–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2020.01.011
Uptake of melanoma medicines
Uptake of new cancer medicines, defined as standard weekly doses per number of cancer-specific deaths (per 100,000 inhabitants)
Hofmarcher, T., Lindgren, P., Wilking, N., & Jönsson, B. (2020). The cost of cancer in Europe 2018. European Journal of Cancer, 129, 41–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2020.01.011
Uptake of multiple myeloma medicines
Uptake of new cancer medicines, defined as standard weekly doses per number of cancer-specific deaths (per 100,000 inhabitants)
Hofmarcher, T., Lindgren, P., Wilking, N., & Jönsson, B. (2020). The cost of cancer in Europe 2018. European Journal of Cancer, 129, 41–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2020.01.011
Uptake of ovarian cancer medicines
Uptake of new cancer medicines, defined as standard weekly doses per number of cancer-specific deaths (per 100,000 inhabitants)
Hofmarcher, T., Lindgren, P., Wilking, N., & Jönsson, B. (2020). The cost of cancer in Europe 2018. European Journal of Cancer, 129, 41–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2020.01.011
Uptake of immunotherapy medicines
Uptake of new cancer medicines, defined as standard weekly doses per number of cancer-specific deaths (per 100,000 inhabitants)
Hofmarcher, T., Lindgren, P., Wilking, N., & Jönsson, B. (2020). The cost of cancer in Europe 2018. European Journal of Cancer, 129, 41–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2020.01.011
Radiation therapy
Radiation therapy equipment per 1 million inhabitants
Number of radiation therapy equipments per 1,000,000 inhabitants, including megavoltage (MV) units, particle accelerators for light ion beam therapy, X-ray generators for kilovoltage therapy and brachytherapy units
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Directory of Radiotherapy Centres (DIRAC) & World Bank population values
Cancer care facilities
Hospitals beds per 10,000 inhabitants
Number of hospital beds available per every 10 000 inhabitants in a population
World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Observatory
Radiation therapy centres per 1 million inhabitants
Number of radiation therapy centres per 1,000,000 inhabitants
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Directory of Radiotherapy Centres (DIRAC) & World Bank population values
Cancer survivorship and quality of life
Supportive and palliative care
Palliative care services for adults per 100,000 inhabitants
Palliative care services for adults per 100,000 inhabitants, non-cancer specific
European Association for Palliative Care
Mental health and psycho-oncology
Psycho-oncology support mentioned in NCP
Extent of recognition and recommendations for psycho-oncology support in National Cancer Plans
Neamţiu, L., et al. (2016). Psycho-oncological support for breast cancer patients: A brief overview of breast cancer services certification schemes and national health policies in Europe. Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland), 29, 178–180. DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2016.07.002
Psycho-oncology support with recommendation in NCP
Extent of recognition and recommendations for psycho-oncology support in National Cancer Plans
Neamţiu, L., et al. (2016). Psycho-oncological support for breast cancer patients: A brief overview of breast cancer services certification schemes and national health policies in Europe. Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland), 29, 178–180. DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2016.07.003
Psycho-oncology support with recommendation and indicators in NCP
Extent of recognition and recommendations for psycho-oncology support in National Cancer Plans
Neamţiu, L., et al. (2016). Psycho-oncological support for breast cancer patients: A brief overview of breast cancer services certification schemes and national health policies in Europe. Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland), 29, 178–180. DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2016.07.002
Right to be forgotten
Legal framework for right to be forgotten in place
Ending Discrimination Against Cancer Survivors
Number of years that must pass for cancer survivors to have equal access to financial services
Ending Discrimination Against Cancer Survivors
Cancer workforce
Cancer workforce staffing
Radiologists per 100,000 inhabitants
Eurostat
Pathologists per 100,000 inhabitants
Eurostat
Oncologists per 100,000 inhabitants
Eurostat
Nurses per 100,000 inhabitants
Hematologists per 100,000 inhabitants
Eurostat
General practitioners per 100,000 inhabitants
Density of general practitioners per 100,000 inhabitants, including medical interns and residents who have completed a basic medical university education and are undertaking postgraduate clinical training, if they are specialising in general practice or if they have not chosen their area of specialisation yet
OECD Health Statistics 2023
Cancer workforce education, training and recognition
Professional figure of surgical oncologist recognised
ESSO Survey on professional recognition of surgical oncology
The value of surgical oncology in the management of cancer patients
Cancer nursing education and career development index
European Oncology Nursing Society (EONS) Cancer Nursing Index
Cancer nursing recognition index
European Oncology Nursing Society (EONS) Cancer Nursing Index
Cancer professionals' working conditions and safety
Cancer nursing patient and occupational safety index
European Oncology Nursing Society (EONS) Cancer Nursing Index
Cancer nursing working conditions index
Index measurement of cancer nursing working conditions and their impact on cancer care
European Oncology Nursing Society (EONS) Cancer Nursing Index
Social inequalities
Age
Cancer burden
Colorectal cancer mortality by age
Stomach cancer mortality by age
Lung cancer mortality by age
Cancer prevention
Proportion of daily smokers of cigarettes by age
Alcohol consumption (frequency) by age
Proportion of people consuming alcohol at least every month, aged 15+, both sexes, by age
Eurostat
Obesity rate by age
Fruit & vegetables consumption by age
Proportion of people consuming 5 or more portions of fruit and vegetables a day by age
Eurostat
Physical inactivity by age
Rate of people that reported not to engage in health-enhancing aerobic physical activity (i.e. performing zero minutes of physical activity a week), aged 16+, by age
Eurostat
Cancer screening and early detection
Women that reported to have never had breast examination by X-ray by age
Percentage of women aged 50-69 that reported to have never had breast examination by X-ray by age
Eurostat
Women who reported to have never had cervical smear test by age
Percentage of women aged 20 to 69 who reported to have never had cervical smear by age
Eurostat
People that reported to have never performed colorectal cancer screening by age
Percentage of people aged 50 to 74 that self-reported to have never performed colorectal cancer screening using faecal occult blood test by age
Eurostat
People who reported to never had had colonoscopy by age
Education
Cancer prevention
Proportion of daily smokers of cigarettes per education level
Alcohol consumption (frequency) per education level
Proportion of people consuming alcohol at least every month, aged 15+, both sexes, by education level
Eurostat
Obesity rate per education level
Fruit & vegetables consumption per education level
Proportion of people consuming 5 or more portions of fruit and vegetables a day, per education level
Eurostat
Physical inactivity per education level
Rate of people that reported not to engage in health-enhancing aerobic physical activity (i.e. performing zero minutes of physical activity a week), aged 16+, per education level
Eurostat
Cancer screening and early detection
Women that reported to have never had breast examination by X-ray per education level
Percentage of women aged 50-69 that reported to have never had breast examination by X-ray, per education level
Eurostat
Women who reported to have never had cervical smear test per education level
Percentage of women aged 20 to 69 who reported to have never had cervical smear per education level, aged 20-69, per education level
Eurostat
People that reported to have never performed colorectal cancer screening per education level
Percentage of people aged 50 to 74 that self-reported to have never performed colorectal cancer screening using faecal occult blood test, per education level
Eurostat
Cancer diagnosis
People who reported to never had had colonoscopy per education level
Percentage of population who reported to have never had colonoscopy, per education level
Eurostat
Proportion of daily smokers of cigarettes per education level
Income
Cancer prevention
Proportion of daily smokers of cigarettes per income
Alcohol consumption (frequency) per income
Proportion of people consuming alcohol at least every month, aged 15+, both sexes, per income
Eurostat
Obesity rate per income
Fruit & vegetables consumption per income
Proportion of people consuming 5 or more portions of fruit and vegetables a day, per income
Eurostat
Physical inactivity per income
Rate of people that reported not to engage in health-enhancing aerobic physical activity (i.e. performing zero minutes of physical activity a week), aged 16, per income
Eurostat
Cancer screening and early detection
Women that reported to have never had breast examination by X-ray per income
Percentage of women aged 50-69 that reported to have never had breast examination by X-ray, per income
Eurostat
Women who reported to have never had cervical smear test per income
Percentage of women aged 20 to 69 who reported to have never had cervical smear, per income
Eurostat
People that reported to have never performed colorectal cancer screening per income
Percentage of people aged 50 to 74 that self-reported to have never performed colorectal cancer screening using faecal occult blood test, per income
Eurostat
Cancer diagnosis
People who reported to never had had colonoscopy per income
Gender
Cancer burden
Colorectal cancer mortality by gender
Stomach cancer mortality by gender
Eurostat
Lung cancer mortality by gender
Cancer prevention
Proportion of daily smokers of cigarettes by gender
Alcohol consumption (quantity) by gender
Total per capita consumption in litres of pure alcohol, aged 15+
World Health Organization (WHO)
Alcohol consumption (frequency) by gender
Proportion of people consuming alcohol at least every month, including those that reported to drink daily, weekly or monthly in the 12 months preceding data collection
Eurostat
Obesity rate by gender
Fruit & vegetables consumption by gender
Physical inactivity by gender
Rate of people that reported not to engage in health-enhancing aerobic physical activity (i.e. performing zero minutes of physical activity a week), aged 16+, per education level
Eurostat
Cancer screening and early detection
People that reported to have never performed colorectal cancer screening by gender
Percentage of people aged 50 to 74 that self-reported to have never performed colorectal cancer screening using faecal occult blood test
Eurostat
Cancer diagnosis
People who reported to never had had colonoscopy by gender
Estimated cancer deaths attributable to occupational carcinogens
Estimated age-standardised death rate attributable to aggregated exposure to occupational carcinogens, such as asbestos, arsenic and chromium
ECIR – European Cancer Inequalities Registry
Cancer research
Percentage of female authors in cancer research
Lawler et al. (2023), Gender inequity in cancer research leadership in Europe: Time to act
Female presence as first author
Percentage of female researchers as first author in cancer research papers
Lawler et al. (2023), Gender inequity in cancer research leadership in Europe: Time to act
Female presence as last author
Percentage of female researchers as last author in cancer research papers
Lawler et al. (2023), Gender inequity in cancer research leadership in Europe: Time to act
Rural/urban differences
Cancer prevention
Proportion of daily smokers of cigarettes per degree of urbanisation
Proportion of self-reported daily smokers, aged 15+, both sexes, per degree of urbanisation
Eurostat
Alcohol consumption (frequency) per degree of urbanisation
Proportion of people consuming alcohol at least every month, aged 15+, both sexes, per degree of urbanisation
Eurostat
Obesity rate per degree of urbanisation
Fruit & vegetables consumption per degree of urbanisation
Proportion of people consuming 5 or more portions of fruit and vegetables a day, per degree of urbanisation
Eurostat
Physical inactivity per degree of urbanisation
Rate of people that reported not to engage in health-enhancing aerobic physical activity (i.e. performing zero minutes of physical activity a week), aged 16+, per degree of urbanisation
Eurostat
Cancer screening and early detection
Women that reported to have never had breast examination by X-ray per degree of urbanisation
Percentage of women aged 50-69 that reported to have never had breast examination by X-ray, per degree of urbanisation
Eurostat
Women who reported to have never had cervical smear test per degree of urbanisation
Percentage of women aged 20-69 that reported to have never had cervical smear test, per degree of urbanisation
Eurostat
People that reported to have never performed colorectal cancer screening per degree of urbanisation
Percentage of people aged 50 to 74 that self-reported to have never performed colorectal cancer screening using faecal occult blood test, per degree of urbanisation
Eurostat
Cancer diagnosis
People who reported to never had had colonoscopy per degree of urbanisation
Percentage of population who reported to have never had colonoscopy, per degree of urbanisation
Eurostat
LGBTIQ+ community
Cancer prevention
HepB prevalence among men having sex with men
Estimated prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) among sex having sex with men
Bivegete S et al. Estimates of hepatitis B virus prevalence among general population and key risk groups in EU/EEA/UK countries: a systematic review. Euro Surveill. 2023;28(30):pii=2200738.
Cancer screening and early detection
Trans people who never joined a screening program
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
>50 years old trans people who ever joined a screening program
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Cancer treatment
Oncology health care providers deeming necessary to receive training on trans health needs
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Oncology health care providers feeling competent in providing assistance to transgender patience
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Oncology health care providers believing training on healthcare needs should be mandatory
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Oncology health care providers believing trans people could receive negative reactions from health care professionals
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Oncology health care providers believing trans people are at risk of discrimination in healthcare
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Oncology health care providers who have witnessed discriminatory attitudes by colleagues against trans patients
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Oncology health care providers who declare to be able to establish effective communication with trans patients
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Oncology health care providers who declare to be comfortable in treating trans patients
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Oncology health care providers who has treated or followed up trans patients in previous 5 years
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Oncology health care providers indicating communication with trans patients as sometimes or always difficult
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Oncology health care providers finding challenging to manage cancer in trans patients
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Trans people believing their gender identity might have an impact on cancer
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Trans people declaring only modest satisfaction for health care services
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Trans people reporting acts of discrimination by health providers
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Trans people changing specialist after discrimination or openly stating their disappointment
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Trans patients compelled to treatment discontinuation or renunciation
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Trans patients indicating lack of knowledge as major reason behind discriminatory behaviour
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Trans patients indicating lack of experience as major reason behind discriminatory behaviour
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Trans patients indicating fear and prejudice as major reasons behind discriminatory behaviour
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Trans patients indicating lack of sensitivity as major reason behind discriminatory behaviour
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Trans patients indicating lack of appropriate spaces and conditions ensuring privacy as major reason behind discriminatory behaviour
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Trans patients indicating inability to establish effective communication as major reason behind discriminatory behaviour
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Oncology health care providers indicating the need for implementing educational resources for healthcare providers
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Trans patients indicating the need for implementing educational resources for healthcare providers
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Oncology health care providers indicating the need for implementing national policies to prevent discrimination
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Trans patients indicating the need for implementing national policies to prevent discrimination
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Oncology health care providers indicating the need for encouraging health care professional to respect gender identity
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Trans patients indicating the need for encouraging health care professional to respect gender identity
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Oncology health care providers indicating the need for including more trans people in clinical trials
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Oncology health care providers believing initiatives improving trans patients care would improve oncologists communication
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Oncology health care providers believing initiatives improving trans patients care would allow more ethical treatment
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Oncology health care providers believing initiatives improving trans patients care would allow for more patient-centric treatment
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Oncology health care providers believing initiatives improving trans patients care would improve compliance to treatment
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
LGBTIQ+ people who felt discriminated in healthcare
European Agency for Fundamental Rights, (2020) A long way to go for LGBTI equality
Lesbian people who felt discriminated in healthcare
European Agency for Fundamental Rights, (2020) A long way to go for LGBTI equality
Gay people who felt discriminated in healthcare
European Agency for Fundamental Rights, (2020) A long way to go for LGBTI equality
Bisexual (female) people who felt discriminated in healthcare
European Agency for Fundamental Rights, (2020) A long way to go for LGBTI equality
Bisexual (male) people who felt discriminated in healthcare
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Transgender people who felt discriminated in healthcare
European Agency for Fundamental Rights, (2020) A long way to go for LGBTI equality
LGBTIQ+ people who have received inappropriate curiosity or comments in healthcare
European Agency for Fundamental Rights, (2020) A long way to go for LGBTI equality
LGBTIQ+ people who got their specific needs ignored in healthcare
European Agency for Fundamental Rights, (2020) A long way to go for LGBTI equality
LGBTIQ+ people who have foregone treatment for fear of discrimination or intolerant reactions
European Agency for Fundamental Rights, (2020) A long way to go for LGBTI equality
Patient access to care
LGBTIQ+ people who have avoided healthcare services
European Agency for Fundamental Rights, (2020) A long way to go for LGBTI equality
LGBTIQ+ people who had difficulty in gaining access to healthcare
European Agency for Fundamental Rights, (2020) A long way to go for LGBTI equality
Cancer research
Trans patients indicating the need for including more trans people in clinical trials
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Health literacy
Trans individuals not able to find health-related information for trans people
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Trans people denouncing health trans-specific information as poor
Leone et al. (2023), Cancer care in transgender and gender-diverse persons: results from two national surveys among providers and health service users by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology
Ethnicity
Cancer diagnosis
Route to diagnosis - Other (adjusted)
Patients who had other routes for diagnosis (adjusted for age, sex, IMD, morbidity scores, region, and cancer sites).
Martins et al. (2022) Ethnic inequalities in routes to diagnosis of cancer: a population-based UK cohort study
Route to diagnosis - Other (crude)
Patients who had other routes to diagnosis (crude)
Martins et al. (2022) Ethnic inequalities in routes to diagnosis of cancer: a population-based UK cohort study
Route to diagnosis - Two-week wait (adjusted)
Patients who had a two weeks waiting list (adjusted for age, sex, IMD, morbidity scores, region, and cancer sites).
Martins et al. (2022) Ethnic inequalities in routes to diagnosis of cancer: a population-based UK cohort study
Route to diagnosis - Two-week wait (crude)
Patients who had two week waiting list (crude)
Martins et al. (2022) Ethnic inequalities in routes to diagnosis of cancer: a population-based UK cohort study
Route to diagnosis - Screen (adjusted)
Patients that get diagnosed through screening route (adjusted for age, sex, IMD, morbidity scores, region, and cancer sites).
Martins et al. (2022) Ethnic inequalities in routes to diagnosis of cancer: a population-based UK cohort study
Route to diagnosis - Screen (crude)
Patients that get diagnosed through screening route (crude percentage).
Martins et al. (2022) Ethnic inequalities in routes to diagnosis of cancer: a population-based UK cohort study
Route to diagnosis - Hospital (adjusted)
Patients that get diagnosed through hospital route (adjusted for age, sex, IMD, morbidity scores, region, and cancer sites).
Martins et al. (2022) Ethnic inequalities in routes to diagnosis of cancer: a population-based UK cohort study
Route to diagnosis - Hospital (crude)
Patients that get diagnosed in hospital (crude percentage).
Martins et al. (2022) Ethnic inequalities in routes to diagnosis of cancer: a population-based UK cohort study
Route to diagnosis - Elective GP-referral (adjusted)
Patients that get diagnosed through GP referral (adjusted for age, sex, IMD, morbidity scores, region, and cancer sites).
Martins et al. (2022) Ethnic inequalities in routes to diagnosis of cancer: a population-based UK cohort study
Route to diagnosis - Elective GP-referral (crude)
Patients that get diagnosed through GP referral
Martins et al. (2022) Ethnic inequalities in routes to diagnosis of cancer: a population-based UK cohort study
Route to diagnosis - Emergency (adjusted)
Patients that get diagnosed through emergency route (adjusted for age, sex, IMD, morbidity scores, region, and cancer sites).
Patients that get diagnosed through emergency route (adjusted for age, sex, IMD, morbidity scores, region, and cancer sites).
Route to diagnosis - Emergency (crude)
Patients that get diagnosed through emergency route (crude percentage).
Martins et al. (2022) Ethnic inequalities in routes to diagnosis of cancer: a population-based UK cohort study
General health
Prevalence of discrimination in health
European Agency for Fundamental Rights, (2023), Being Black in the EU – Experiences of people of African descent
Self-reported health problem
European Agency for Fundamental Rights, (2023), Being Black in the EU – Experiences of people of African descent
Perception of health (very good / good)
Percentage of people reporting perception of their health as "very good" or "good"
European Agency for Fundamental Rights, (2023), Being Black in the EU – Experiences of people of African descent
Self-reported unmet medical needs
European Agency for Fundamental Rights, (2023), Being Black in the EU – Experiences of people of African descent
Migrants
Cancer prevention
HepB prevalence among migrants
Estimated prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) among migrants
Bivegete S et al. Estimates of hepatitis B virus prevalence among general population and key risk groups in EU/EEA/UK countries: a systematic review. Euro Surveill. 2023;28(30):pii=2200738.
People in prison
Cancer prevention
HepB prevalence among people in prison
Estimated prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) among people in prison
Bivegete S et al. Estimates of hepatitis B virus prevalence among general population and key risk groups in EU/EEA/UK countries: a systematic review. Euro Surveill. 2023;28(30):pii=2200738.
Access to HBV vaccination for people in prison
Indication of whether a vaccination programme exists that provides access to HBV vaccination to people in prison
European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Elimination barometer on viral hepatitis among people who inject drugs in Europe
People who inject drugs
Cancer prevention
National hepatitis policy inclusive of people who inject drugs
Indication of whether the country has a national viral hepatitis policy or plan in which people who inject drugs are explicitly mentioned, with access to harm-reduction, screening and HCV treatment not conditional on abstinence
European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Elimination barometer on viral hepatitis among people who inject drugs in Europe
Needle and syringe programme coverage
Number of sterile needles/syringes distributed in a year per person who injects drugs - thereby reducing the risk of blood-borne infections, including viral hepatitis
European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Elimination barometer on viral hepatitis among people who inject drugs in Europe
HepC testing coverage among people who inject drugs
Percentage of people entering drug treatment reporting injecting drugs who had an HCV test in the previous 12 months
European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Elimination barometer on viral hepatitis among people who inject drugs in Europe
Unrestricted access to direct-acting antiviral HCV agents for people who inject drugs
Indication of whether a country applies clinical or reimbursement restrictions for treatment by direct-acting antiviral agents for people who inject drugs and are chronically infected by HCV
European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) Elimination barometer on viral hepatitis among people who inject drugs in Europe
